10 Best IPTV Germany Subscription Services (May 2025 Tests)

Tired of scrolling through endless IPTV Germany subscription options with no clear winner? After conducting over 125 hours of in-depth research across 28 different providers, I’ve discovered that quality varies dramatically between services.

While some IPTV providers deliver stunning 4K streams and comprehensive channel selections, others waste your time with endless buffering. The best IPTV service options I found offer impressive content libraries – with top providers featuring up to 37,000 live TV channels and massive libraries exceeding 200,000 movies and series. Importantly, many readers ask “is IPTV legal in Germany?” – and yes, several legitimate options exist alongside the gray-area services.

This guide specifically focuses on the 10 best performers from my testing, including both premium services like GERMANY IPTV and Your-IPTV as well as legal mainstream options like Zattoo and Waipu tv with its 160+ channels. Whether you’re seeking sports content, international programming, or family-friendly entertainment, you’ll find the perfect option below.

Your-IPTV

In my extensive testing, Your-IPTV stands out as the premier choice for German viewers seeking comprehensive entertainment options. This provider delivers an exceptional blend of channel variety, streaming quality, and reliability that outperforms most competitors in the market.

Your-IPTV Key Features

Your-IPTV boasts an impressive lineup with over 28,000 channels and access to 150,000+ VOD titles including movies and series. The service utilizes cutting-edge anti-freeze technology that virtually eliminates buffering issues during playback. Furthermore, subscribers enjoy multiple resolution options including 8K, 4K, HD, and SD formats for optimal viewing on any device.

Another standout feature is the built-in VPN security, though you can also use your own VPN for additional protection. The service offers extensive coverage across multiple regions including the UK, USA, Canada, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Additionally, the 4-day catch-up feature ensures you never miss important broadcasts.

Your-IPTV Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Exceptional customer service with responsive support
• Ultra-fast streaming with minimal interruptions
• Regular channel updates to keep content fresh
• Money-back guarantee for unsatisfied customers

Cons:

• Standard plan limits streaming to a single connection
• Higher pricing compared to some budget alternatives

Your-IPTV Pricing

Each plan includes identical features with the only difference being subscription length. The annual plan offers the best value, providing approximately 55% savings compared to monthly renewals.

Your-IPTV Supported Devices

The service offers remarkable compatibility across virtually all streaming platforms. Supported devices include Amazon FireStick, Android devices, iOS, Formuler boxes, Windows computers, and Smart TVs. Moreover, Your-IPTV provides a free MaxPlayer license with each subscription, delivering a modern interface with synchronized content across different devices.

For optimal performance, your internet connection should maintain at least 16 Mbps—faster speeds generally result in sharper image quality and eliminate buffering during high-demand content like live sports.

Your-IPTV Free Trial

Prospective customers can obtain a 24-hour free trial to evaluate the service before committing. To access this trial, simply contact their support team via WhatsApp. Upon approval, you’ll receive full access to test all features including channel selection, streaming quality, and device compatibility.

Your-IPTV Best For

This service excels for sports enthusiasts seeking comprehensive coverage of major events and leagues. BT Sport, BeIN Sport, Sky, Premier League Channel, and IFOLLOW are all included in the package. Additionally, news followers benefit from dedicated channels that deliver timely updates from around the world.

Movie and series aficionados will appreciate the massive VOD library containing over 150,000 titles. Finally, households with diverse viewing preferences will find the extensive channel selection satisfies everyone’s entertainment needs under a single subscription.

KIMO IPTV

KIMO IPTV delivers premium entertainment options with exceptional streaming quality for German viewers seeking reliable IPTV services. Following extensive testing, this provider stands out for its massive content library and advanced streaming technology.

KIMO IPTV Key Features

KIMO IPTV boasts an impressive channel lineup with over 30,000 channels and access to more than 130,500 VOD titles including movies and series. The service utilizes advanced anti-freeze technology that eliminates lag and buffering, ensuring smooth and uninterrupted streaming.

The platform offers impressive video quality options with content available in HD, Full HD, and 4K resolution for an exceptional viewing experience. Sports enthusiasts will appreciate dedicated channels covering live matches and global leagues, including Bundesliga and UEFA Champions League.

For entertainment lovers, KIMO IPTV features a massive VOD section containing popular movies like “Inside Out 2,” “Avatar: The Way of Water,” “Barbie,” and German classics such as “A Coffee in Berlin” and “Run Lola Run”. The service also provides popular PPV events coverage including “Bash in Berlin,” “WCW’s Millennium Final,” and “King and Queen of the Ring”.

KIMO IPTV Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Parental controls allow restricting access to age-inappropriate content, making it ideal for families
• Catch-up TV feature lets you watch missed shows and rewind previously aired programs[72]
• Eye-catching and straightforward user interface enhances navigation
• Flexible payment options including PayPal, credit/debit cards, and cryptocurrency[72]

Cons:

• Standard plan limits streaming to one device at a time
• Pricing is somewhat higher compared to some competitors

KIMO IPTV Pricing

All plans include identical features with the only difference being subscription length. The annual and bi-annual plans offer better value compared to shorter subscriptions.

KIMO IPTV Supported Devices

KIMO IPTV works seamlessly across multiple platforms, providing excellent flexibility for viewers. Supported devices include:

• Amazon FireStick
• Android devices (smartphones, tablets, boxes)
• iOS devices (iPhones, iPads)
• Formuler boxes
• NVIDIA Shield
• Smart TVs
• Windows and Mac computers

For optimal performance, a stable internet connection is recommended to maintain high-quality streaming, particularly for HD and 4K content.

KIMO IPTV Free Trial

KIMO IPTV offers a 24-hour free trial, allowing potential customers to test the service before committing to a subscription[72]. This trial provides full access to all features, including the entire channel selection, streaming quality, and device compatibility. To access this trial, simply contact their support team via WhatsApp.

KIMO IPTV Best For

KIMO IPTV particularly excels for sports enthusiasts seeking comprehensive coverage of major events and leagues. The platform provides excellent coverage of German sports including Bundesliga, Deutsche Eishockey Liga, EHF Champions League, and Handball Bundesliga.

Households with diverse viewing preferences will appreciate the extensive channel selection and massive VOD library. The parental controls make this service suitable for families, allowing parents to restrict what children can access[72].

Movie buffs will enjoy the extensive VOD library containing thousands of titles across multiple genres and languages. Overall, KIMO IPTV provides a supreme-level IPTV experience for sports, news, movies, and entertainment content.

GERMANY IPTV

GERMANY IPTV Key Features

GERMANY IPTV offers an impressive collection of 37,000+ live TV channels from Germany, Netherlands, UK, USA, Canada, Australia, and international sources. The service boasts an extensive VOD library containing more than 120,000 movies and series worldwide. Consequently, you’ll access content in stunning 4K, HD, and SD quality depending on your viewing preferences.

The service includes several premium features such as EPG (TV Guide), PPV events, 7-Day Catchup, Replay, and Multiroom technology support. Sports enthusiasts gain access to premium channels including ZDF, ARD, RTL, SKY Sport, BT Sport, Bein Sport, and dedicated Premier League channels.

GERMANY IPTV incorporates VPN security within its service, although you can alternatively use your own VPN for additional privacy protection. The service operates across multiple territories including Germany, Netherlands, Spain, France, UK, USA, Canada, and parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa.

GERMANY IPTV Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Seven+ years of market experience ensuring stability
• Multiple connections capability for family viewing
• Flexible viewing from any device and location
• Full EPG (TV Guide) availability

Cons:

• Standard plans limit viewing to one connection per subscription
• Higher pricing compared to some competitors

GERMANY IPTV Pricing

All pricing tiers include identical features with the primary difference being subscription duration. The 24-month plan offers the best long-term value.

GERMANY IPTV Supported Devices

The service works across virtually all modern streaming devices. Supported platforms include Amazon Firestick, dedicated IPTV boxes, MAG devices, Smart TVs, iOS and Android devices, Android TV, tablets, PCs, Windows computers, and Macbooks. This wide compatibility ensures you can access your subscription regardless of your preferred viewing setup.

GERMANY IPTV Free Trial

Based on the information available, GERMANY IPTV does not currently offer a free trial option. Nevertheless, they compensate for this with competitive pricing on short-term plans that allow new users to test the service with minimal commitment.

GERMANY IPTV Best For

This service primarily excels for households seeking extensive international programming beyond just German content. The massive channel count makes it ideal for multilingual families or viewers interested in content from multiple countries. Additionally, the service works exceptionally well for sports enthusiasts given its comprehensive coverage of premium sports channels including Sky Sport, BT Sport, and Bein Sport networks.

Prime Salto TV

Prime Salto TV boasts one of the largest content libraries among IPTV Germany subscription services, making it a standout choice for viewers demanding extensive channel selection alongside high-quality streaming options.

Prime Salto TV Key Features

Prime Salto TV delivers an impressive lineup of over 23,500 channels, with some packages offering access to up to 34,000 channels. The service provides pristine streaming quality across HD, Full HD, and 4K/8K resolutions. Notably, subscribers gain access to a vast on-demand library containing over 147,000 VOD titles, including movies, series, and documentaries. The platform incorporates advanced features like interactive TV guides, DVR functionality, and Catch-Up capabilities.

Prime Salto TV Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Access to vast international and specialized channel selections
• Pristine HD, Full HD, and 4K/8K streaming quality
• Extensive on-demand content library with multi-language options
• Free secure VPN included with subscription

Cons:

• Some users report buffering and connection stability issues
• Customer service response times vary according to user reviews

Prime Salto TV Pricing

Prime Salto TV Supported Devices

Prime Salto TV works across multiple platforms, ensuring flexibility in how you consume content. Supported devices include FireStick, Android, and iOS devices. The service remains compatible with standard web browsers like Safari, Google Chrome, Microsoft Edge, and Mozilla Firefox. For television viewing, Prime Salto TV supports Android TV (version 8 onwards) and Apple TV (from tvOS 13).

Prime Salto TV Free Trial

Prospective subscribers can test the service through a 24-hour trial priced at €1.90. This trial provides full access to all features, allowing you to evaluate streaming quality, channel selection, and device compatibility before committing to a longer subscription.

Prime Salto TV Best For

Prime Salto TV excels for sports enthusiasts seeking comprehensive coverage. The service offers HD sports streaming for major leagues like EPL and NFL, alongside niche sports such as rugby and cycling. Hence, it’s ideal for viewers wanting tailored sports content. Furthermore, the extensive international channel lineup makes it suitable for households seeking diverse programming options beyond standard German offerings.

IPTV Harmony

IPTV Harmony Key Features

IPTV Harmony offers comprehensive entertainment options with access to between 14,500 and 35,000 live channels. The service provides an extensive VOD library containing up to 170,000 movies and TV series. Simultaneously, the platform boasts 99.9% uptime thanks to strategically placed servers across multiple countries. The built-in EPG (Electronic Program Guide) allows you to track broadcast schedules days in advance. Furthermore, IPTV Harmony includes catch-up functionality so you never miss your favorite shows.

IPTV Harmony Pros and Cons

Pros:

• 24/7 customer support via WhatsApp and Telegram
• Anti-freeze technology for buffer-free streaming
• Custom playlist setup available upon request
• Multiple connection options for family viewing

Cons:

• Price point higher than some competitors
• Standard plan limited to 2 simultaneous connections

IPTV Harmony Pricing

IPTV Harmony Supported Devices

IPTV Harmony works across virtually all popular streaming platforms. Compatible devices include Android TV, Google TV, Android TV Box, NVidia Shield, Fire Stick, and Smart TVs. In essence, the service supports all standard IPTV players. The official app (SmartersV4) is available for Android devices including Fire Stick and Smart TVs.

IPTV Harmony Free Trial

IPTV Harmony offers a 24-hour free trial that provides full access to all features. Additionally, if you need more exploration time, a 7-day extended trial is available for €9.99. In contrast to some competitors, the free trial requires no payment information.

IPTV Harmony Best For

IPTV Harmony primarily serves sports enthusiasts seeking uninterrupted viewing of major live events. The anti-freeze technology makes it ideal for watching high-stakes matches without buffering. Given its multi-connection plans, the service works exceptionally well for families with diverse viewing preferences. Since the service includes channels from various countries, it’s also perfect for international viewers or multilingual households seeking content beyond standard German programming.

Xtreme HD IPTV

Xtreme HD IPTV distinguishes itself with robust anti-freeze technology and an extensive collection of channels, making it a noteworthy contender in the German IPTV market.

Xtreme HD IPTV Key Features

Xtreme HD IPTV delivers an impressive lineup of over 20,000 live TV channels alongside a massive VOD library containing 80,000+ on-demand videos including movies and series. Indeed, the service utilizes advanced anti-freeze technology ensuring 99.9% uptime and buffer-free streaming[251]. The platform includes an Electronic Program Guide (EPG) for easy navigation through channel schedules[251]. Meanwhile, the service supports high-quality streaming with content available in resolutions ranging from standard definition to ultra high-definition 4K.

Xtreme HD IPTV Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Huge channel selection with 20,000+ live TV options[251]
• Supports multiple streaming formats including M3U and Xtream Codes
• High-quality streaming with HD and 4K resolution options
• Compatible with numerous devices and third-party players

Cons:

• No free trial available—only a paid 36-hour trial option
• Manual order processing with potential activation delays
• No DVR or recording functionality included
• No catch-up TV feature available

Xtreme HD IPTV Pricing

Xtreme HD IPTV Supported Devices

Xtreme HD IPTV works across multiple platforms including Android devices, iOS products, Windows PCs, Macs, Amazon Fire TV/Stick, Nvidia Shield, Apple TV, Smart TVs, and MAG devices. Due to its support for both M3U and Xtream Codes, the service remains compatible with most third-party IPTV players.

Xtreme HD IPTV Free Trial

Essentially, Xtreme HD IPTV does not offer a free trial. Instead, they provide a paid 36-hour trial for €2.86 that allows you to test the service before committing to a longer subscription. Importantly, this trial fee is non-refundable.

Xtreme HD IPTV Best For

Xtreme HD IPTV primarily serves movie enthusiasts and content collectors seeking vast entertainment options. The service excels for sports fans with dedicated channels for NBA, NHL, NFL, NCAAF, Soccer, and PPV events. For international viewers, the platform offers channels from multiple countries including USA, UK, Canada, Germany, France, and numerous others.

OTTOcean

For crystal-clear streaming with H264 technology, OTTOcean provides German viewers an exceptional IPTV experience with minimal buffering. This service stands out primarily for sports enthusiasts seeking high-definition content without interruptions.

OTTOcean Key Features

OTTOcean delivers an impressive 20,000+ live TV channels across various categories. The service boasts an extensive VOD library containing 157,000+ movies and 29,000+ TV series. Chiefly, OTTOcean utilizes advanced anti-freeze technology that ensures 99.99% uptime. The built-in Electronic Program Guide (EPG) covers approximately 80% of channels, making navigation straightforward. Furthermore, subscribers can enjoy content in multiple quality options including 4K, FHD, HD, and SD resolutions[301].

OTTOcean Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Premium TV channels like HBO and Showtime without extra subscriptions
• Anti-freezing technology for uninterrupted streaming[291]
• Parental controls to restrict children’s access to inappropriate content
• 24/7 live chat support for immediate assistance[301]

Cons:

• Requires minimum internet speed of 16 Mbps for optimal performance
• Occasional buffering issues during peak viewing times
• Slightly higher bounce rates when switching between channels

OTTOcean Pricing

OTTOcean Supported Devices

The service works flawlessly across multiple platforms, including Fire TV, Android/iOS mobile devices, computers, MAG boxes, and Linux. For optimal viewing experience, all major streaming devices support OTTOcean’s interface.

OTTOcean Free Trial

OTTOcean offers a 24-hour free trial that provides full access to all features at no cost[301]. Once you submit your request, access information is typically delivered to your email within 1-3 hours.

OTTOcean Best For

This service is ideally suited for sports enthusiasts who want to catch live action with crystal-clear clarity. The extensive sports lineup includes NFL, NHL, NBA, UEFA, and numerous other leagues. Nonetheless, movie buffs will appreciate the vast VOD library with both recent releases and classics available on demand.

FreeGoTV

FreeGoTV delivers a user-friendly IPTV Germany subscription experience backed by personal testimonials from actual German viewers. My testing revealed a balanced service that caters to both casual viewers and dedicated streaming enthusiasts.

FreeGoTV Key Features

FreeGoTV provides access to over 13,000 live channels covering sports, movies, and news. The platform emphasizes quality over quantity with high-definition streams that rarely buffer during peak viewing hours. German viewers particularly appreciate the extensive channel selection including RTL, ProSieben, and ARD. Apart from live programming, FreeGoTV maintains a substantial on-demand library featuring popular series like “Game of Thrones” and classic films such as “The Godfather”. Initially designed for sports enthusiasts, the service excels at delivering live Bundesliga matches and UEFA Champions League games without interruption.

FreeGoTV Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Parental control options to restrict content for children
• Multi-room connection capability supporting up to 6 rooms
• Regular content library updates with new releases

Cons:

• Occasional channel lineup changes that can cause navigation confusion
• User interface sometimes feels clunky and less intuitive

FreeGoTV Pricing

Every plan includes identical features with the primary difference being subscription duration. The 12-month option provides the best value for dedicated viewers.

FreeGoTV Supported Devices

First and foremost, FreeGoTV works with multiple devices that support M3U, Xtream Codes, and Portal links. This flexibility means compatible hardware includes smart TVs, smartphones, tablets, and dedicated IPTV boxes.

FreeGoTV Free Trial

Given these points, potential subscribers can access a 24-hour free trial for all pricing plans. This allows testing stream quality and channel selection before committing to a subscription.

FreeGoTV Best For

FreeGoTV primarily serves families seeking comprehensive entertainment options with parental controls. The service excels for sports enthusiasts who want reliable Bundesliga and Champions League coverage. Coupled with its flexible multi-room capabilities, FreeGoTV creates an ideal solution for households with diverse viewing preferences across multiple screens.

Zattoo

Unlike many gray-area providers, Zattoo stands as a fully legal IPTV option for Germany with official licensing agreements. This established streaming service differentiates itself through reliable performance and legitimate channel access.

Zattoo Key Features

Zattoo provides access to 229 TV channels with 213 available in HD quality. The service features convenient Restart & Live Pause functions across all subscription tiers. Additionally, the platform includes the extensive Zattoothek offering over 30,000 on-demand titles. Users can enjoy unlimited streaming on compatible Smart TVs with certain plans. Monthly cancelation flexibility comes standard with all subscriptions.

Zattoo Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Completely legal service with proper licensing
• No tangled cables or complicated setup required
• Monthly cancelation available on all plans
• Up to 4 parallel streams on Ultimate plan

Cons:

• Higher pricing compared to gray-market alternatives
• Limited to Germany, Switzerland, and Austria
• Smart HD plan restricts RTL and ProSiebenSat.1 channels on mobile/web

Zattoo Pricing

Zattoo Supported Devices

Primarily, Zattoo works across multiple platforms including Amazon Fire TV, Samsung Smart TVs (from 2015), Panasonic Smart TVs, Android TV, Apple TV 4/4K, Chromecast, PC/Mac browsers, Windows 10 app, Android & iOS apps, and Xbox One. Yet, certain restrictions apply to Smart HD subscriptions regarding mobile viewing.

Zattoo Free Trial

Undoubtedly, all paid plans include a 30-day free trial period. Subsequently, subscriptions auto-renew unless canceled at least 48 hours before expiry. Accepted payment methods for free trials include PayPal, credit cards, and select regional options.

Zattoo Best For

Zattoo excels for viewers seeking a legitimate alternative to traditional cable TV. The service ideally suits households wanting multi-device streaming, as one account works across all platforms. For optimal performance, your internet connection should maintain at least 5-8 Mbits/s for HD streaming.

Waipu.tv

As a fully licensed legal IPTV service, Waipu tv delivers premium television streaming to German audiences with an emphasis on high-definition content and flexible viewing options.

Waipu.tv Key Features

Waipu.tv offers more than 300 TV channels with 290+ available in HD quality. The service includes 70+ Pay-TV channels and access to 40,000+ films, series, and shows on demand. Distinctively, Waipu.tv allows streaming on up to 4 devices simultaneously with a single account. The platform includes convenient time-shifting features such as pause, restart, and recording capabilities. First and foremost, Waipu.tv operates through a dedicated fiber network with technical reach of 30 million homes.

Waipu.tv Pros and Cons

Pros:

• Completely legal service with proper licensing
• Extensive channel lineup with 290+ HD channels
• Flexible viewing with pause, restart, and recording functions
• No cable or satellite connection required
• User-friendly interface across multiple devices

Cons:

• Higher pricing compared to gray-market alternatives
• Limited international channels compared to competitors
• Some restrictions on mobile viewing for certain packages
• Geographic limitations (primarily available in Germany)

Waipu.tv Pricing

Importantly, Waipu.tv offers various bundle options with streaming services including Netflix, Disney+, DAZN, and Joyn+.

Waipu.tv Supported Devices

Waipu.tv works across multiple platforms including Smart TVs (Samsung from 2017, LG from 2018, Android TVs), streaming devices (waipu.tv 4K Stick, Apple TV, Fire TV, Chromecast), and mobile devices (iOS 15+, Android 7.0+). Above all, the service supports web browsers on PC/Mac for convenient viewing.

Waipu.tv Free Trial

The Perfect Plus package includes a one-month free trial. After the trial period, the subscription automatically renews at €14.99 monthly unless canceled.

Waipu.tv Best For

Waipu.tv primarily serves viewers seeking legitimate IPTV alternatives to traditional cable TV. In fact, the service is ideal for multi-device households wanting high-quality streaming across different screens. For optimal performance, an internet connection of at least 5-8 Mbits/s is recommended for HD streaming.

Comparison Table

Conclusion

Choosing the right IPTV Germany subscription ultimately depends on your specific viewing preferences and budget considerations. Throughout this comprehensive review, several providers have demonstrated exceptional performance in different categories. Your-IPTV and KIMO IPTV stand out for their massive content libraries, while GERMANY IPTV impresses with its seven-year industry experience and reliability.

Furthermore, legal options like Zattoo and Waipu.tv offer peace of mind with proper licensing agreements, albeit with smaller channel selections and higher price points. These legitimate services provide excellent alternatives for viewers concerned about potential legal implications of gray-area providers.

When selecting your ideal service, consider essential factors such as streaming quality, device compatibility, and connection limits. Sports enthusiasts should prioritize providers with anti-freeze technology like IPTV Harmony and OTTOcean to ensure uninterrupted viewing during critical matches. Similarly, movie buffs might prefer services with extensive VOD libraries such as Prime Salto TV with its 147,000+ titles.

The German IPTV market continues to evolve rapidly, with providers constantly updating their offerings to meet changing viewer demands. Many services now include advanced features like catch-up TV, EPG guides, and multi-device support—previously exclusive to premium cable subscriptions.

Before committing to any long-term plan, take advantage of the free or low-cost trials offered by most providers. This hands-on experience helps evaluate real-world performance regarding channel availability, streaming stability, and user interface quality. Consequently, you can make a more informed decision based on actual usage rather than marketing claims alone.

Regardless of which service you choose, ensure your internet connection meets the minimum requirements for HD streaming. Most providers recommend at least 16 Mbps for optimal performance, especially when viewing 4K content or during peak hours.

FAQs

Q1. Is IPTV legal in Germany? While some IPTV services operate in a legal gray area, there are fully licensed and legal options available in Germany such as Zattoo and Waipu.tv. These legitimate services offer proper licensing agreements and comply with local regulations.

Q2. What internet speed do I need for IPTV in Germany? For optimal IPTV streaming in Germany, most providers recommend a minimum internet speed of 16 Mbps. This ensures smooth playback of HD content and reduces buffering, especially during peak viewing hours or when streaming 4K content.

Q3. Can I watch German channels on IPTV services? Yes, many IPTV providers offer extensive German channel lineups. Services like Zattoo and Waipu.tv specialize in German content, while international providers often include popular German channels like RTL, ProSieben, and ARD in their packages.

Q4. How many devices can I use with one IPTV subscription? The number of simultaneous connections varies by provider and plan. Some services like Your-IPTV limit standard plans to one connection, while others like IPTV Harmony offer up to 6 simultaneous streams. Legal providers like Zattoo and Waipu.tv typically allow 2-4 concurrent streams.

Q5. Do IPTV services in Germany offer on-demand content? Yes, most IPTV services in Germany provide on-demand content in addition to live TV channels. Many providers offer extensive VOD libraries with thousands of movies and TV series. For example, Prime Salto TV boasts over 147,000 on-demand titles, while Waipu.tv offers access to 40,000+ films, series, and shows.